Coating composition



Paten'tedNov. 3, 1931 i c. No Drawin PATENT OFFICE.

MAE'DHIAS M. REM MEs'QoF glam-invites; nnwJEnsEY, ASSIGNOR T H. B. wreems sons ooMrAnY, or n'noommnrn, n'w JERsEm CQRPORATION on NEW JERSEY ooAT I NG'ooMPosrT'IoN invention relates to a icoating com; position and the general object thereof 1s a compositionwhich may-be applied to supports, such as the walls to produce "surfaces of pleasing appearance and novel textures; V I

- lComposit-ion wall coatings are nowin great 'i'demand for the decorationoffwalls and ceilthat the compositions either crack or buckle rather ingsof houses iofiices,stores;etc; *Thevpatenb edcompositions and the compositions now 011 the market which I havetried out have many faults'amongwhich are principally afterythey have teena pned to their suports or contain so ,muchfoil. that they 7 do not harden" to give a'desirahle coating, or

'they do not containzenough of the-cementitiousm'at'erial to give a liard surface, but give a chalky surface which crumbles and, the majority of-the coatingswhich are mixed with quire theaddition of hot water and hot water is usually notrohtainable "in "the vicinity of U construction work. The coatingcompos tion which I have inventedfand: the coating made therefrom. overcome rhese F faults of prior coatingand give a toughhardsurface which does not crumble or dust, andWhich can be mixed with cold waterforapplicationtothe walls. or ceilings, and I has other. desirable properties, more fully specified below, which it is'the object of the present invention to glve. V

One of thObjBCtS of the present invention .sa composition coating, which is easy to prepare for application to itssupport.

Another object of the invention is a comandcceiling of houses,

with which it forms a dust in the room: Furthermore,-

water ar'e'fnot practicalbecause'they resense limiting and it is to be composition coating" which does not j Application fijled Noveniber 1; maals rial No.'i16,621.

so that the Workman applying thecomposition may Work up-the desired effect on'the wall and then be assured that the effect will remain as it was worked up. i o r Another object of the present invention is a coating composition which contains no glue or other animal matter and has no objectiono ableodor atthe time it is applied or"thereafter, particularly if the walls should become damp.

Still another is a coating composition which is substantially neutral so that it will not damage woodwork pigment-s applied to it or mixed with it.

gAnothergobject'of the present invention is a coating composition which is extremely hard and not easily marred. 7

1s acoating composition'which will remain plastic and workable infthe mixing-pail for V several hours after mixing to allow'the workg The composit ion'which is the subject of the present invention is intendedespecial'ly tobe used as a coating for walls and ceilings object of the present invention contacts nor afiect colors or,

2 A- furtherobject of'the present invention and, although thecomposition has numerous other uses, it'will be described in connection with its application to walls. Such description is intended to be illustrative and in no considered as paring and using the composition.

The composition includes a material which when mixed with water and exposed :to the ,air will set or harden. The material may be a non-alkaline cementitious material such as Keenscement or plaster of Paris. Keens cement. which is a gypsum. cement, has been used with great success, and plaster ofPa ris has been used toa lesser extent. The material is finely ground and screened to remove all illustrating onlyone of the methods of prelumps. so that when, mixed with'wat er' the resultingmass is smoothand workable either with" a brush, a trowel, or other-implement which may be -used to apply it to the wall or other support which the composition is tov to setwithout change of texture and to be-f,

' composition.

*are odorless so giv eiotl the offensive odor as'frequently happens whenj animal matter is used; Thevis' cous'm'aterial is believedto fill any minute setting of the composition and allow the cover. r The cement, ticularly the cement, enables the composition come extremely hard and' re'sistant' to wear. .Itis important that the cementitious material be over 60% of the weight'of the dry compo- 'sition before the water is added and that it be'a non-alkalinematerial; Alkaline materials such as Portland cement, are not vdesir- I able;

Another constituent ofthe coinpositionis a viscousmaterial, such as a'gum, which makes the composition very smooth and in-I creases its property of flowing under a brush or trowel. when the composition is applied. This material is preferably solublein cold water so that when the composition is mixed with cold water preparatory to its applica- 'tion to thewall, the gum will dissolve and thus distribute itself arabic and gum tragacarith. alone or mixed, havebeen used with excellent results in the preparation of the These: are vegetable A gums and that the, compositiondoes not it interstices in the composition asit'ha'rdens torenderit more impervious. Asbestos:is another element 'sitionfand" preferably used inthe form of shortfibers. v sitioniand hold it together when it is being I applied to a surface,- and alsoserves'to assist V v r 40 to'hold'its points' and stand It serves to toughen the compothe composition up when a roughsurf-ace 'BfiQ C DJS' des red. The asbestos sco'mpresslble and, if there is c any expansion 'ofthe composition, the asbestos takes it up and prevents buckling or blis 'tering' of the composition. Due" toits bulk but is prefthe asbestos also servesas afiller, erable to the usual fillers which'merely give bulk, because asbestos gives bulk and atzthe 7 'tion is'mica; which acts as an internal 111 011 cant 'for'the compositiom-enabling it to be same time imparts its desirable characteristics to the composition.

, Another of the ingre'd 1 spread .very easily,and improving its working qualities." The mica is preferably ground to approximately lQOm'esh, and represents approximately 10% of the weight ofthe en.-

tire' composition. In additionito thesecharacteristics the mica gives a -desirable sheen to the materlal, andbyiit'slight weight increases :the :bulk Y of a pound of the finished mater al, and thereby increases the covering capacity; However, mica ispre' ferable to the y usual inert fillers because it'not only'li'ncreases the'co'veringicapac v a v "ty but makes the compositionmuch'betterJ 1 r I or plaster of Paris, and par-.

hydrated lime, or similar alkali, a. where, necessary" to neutralize the ac dlty.

coating composltlons a uniformly throughout. V the composition. Gum .25

of theeompo,

' the composit on.

ients of the composi'- mixed in.

their use is not recommended as they serve merely to increase the bulk withoutadding anydesirable properties to the composition.

Alum is'used when the composition is made with Keens' cement, to reduce the contractionf f the composition during setting and also to give additional hardness. Potash alum is preferably used and in the proportion'hereinafter mentioned. 7

Some 'br'andslof Keensjcemen't' give a slightly acid reaction and therefore, as it 1s desirable to have the composition substantially neutraL the required amount .of is added This; is'done because are usually applied-to-thewalls of a building I after the woodwork has been painted, and it usually happens that'somel'of the composition comes in contact withithe woodwork,

accident, with .the'

either purposely. or by rcsultthat the 'paint ismarred'if' the composition 'is either acid or alkaline; but with a coating composition which isv substantially gneutralthe paint is not'marred, so that the neutral composition may bejjoined directly for instance, around a door to the woodwork, frame; with no {unsightly marksresulting from thecontactfl v V 1 Cold water pastevis. addedito retard the workmen ample time an i applying the composition tothejwall andworking up the desired texture. 'Italsopermits the use of cold water in preparing the composition for use, whichiis'not true of a composition containing the usual glue or other materialswhich requirehot water'for their solution; Colorsmay be-add deas-desired. Either a pigment'color or a water soluble color may be used; Very beautiful effects are obtained by staining the micaparticles one color before they are put 'nto the composition and then adding a constrasting color to the body of Due to .thefactthat the composition is neither acid nor alkaline the numbers and kinds'of'pigments and colors which may be used are very'large 1 In making the composition th dry materials, 'except the asbestos and mica, are

preferably ground and screened' separately been so'pr'ep'aredas toj'free them from lump.

but not shorten the fibers of the asbestos, ar a Thefmaterial is "then tested fo neutrality and the necessary amount 0 'hydrated'lim'e or'similar alkali added. Thi

prepared material'is'then packaged for ship ment, The workmen merely adds/the 001 water preparatory'to,applyingit'to the sui face tobe covered. l Dry colors may he adds the inert particles tion was obtained.

pounds of Keens cement,

durable.

'tained by the action of colors, oilcolors or water soluble colors may i be added by the workman at the time he preparesthecomposition for application to the wall.'- V

One of the compositions now used with very satisfactory results, comprises. 100 pounds of powdered alum, 5 pounds of pounds of asbestos, and 12 pounds of mica. The

amount of cold water paste which is used in this composition is suificient to delay the setting of the composition, so that a workman can mix the composition in the morning with the assurance that it will remain workable throughout the day; It should be noted that this composition contains over 760% of Keens cement or its equivalent,

which isimportant, because it enables the obtaining of a, coating which is hard and The use of the large amount of base material renders the finished coating one in is obtained by the intersets. 2 My composition differs from previous compositions in whichthe strength was obglue' or a similarade hesive or binder which from which the composi- Such previous compositions hardened by the evaporation of water fromthe glue or other adhesive composition,

rather than by a chemical reaction with'the, base material of the composition to obtain interlocking crystalline structures within the composition. j v q I Aconvenient'way to preparethe composition is to mix the water paste, 7 proportions given. Tolthe amount (137% pounds) of the dry composition above given,

34 quarts of cold water are added and the mixture is; stirred until there are no lumps andthe composition is may be added as described above, in the amounts desired. These quantities produce approximately 14 gallons of the composition. 7

The addition of more water will thin the composition so that it will have a lighter consistency. I

The composition is preferably applied to a slightly rough surface which assist the composition in remaining in position. To obtain the best results, the walls to which the composition is to be applied should be pointed 1p as for painting. Any plaster walls, either )rown'coat or white coat, as well as brick, :oncrete or other absorbent surfaces should )e properly sized to reduce their properties )f' absorbing the liquid from the composiion. ,Painted walls should be wirebrushed 0 out though the paint and afford "a proper .nchorage for the alcimined jwalls gum arabic, 5' pounds of cold water soluble paste,

merely bound together wads of paper, cork cement, alum, gum, cold and asbestos and mlca in the composition. Papered or should. be' thoroughly cleaned and if smooth,- theypshould be rough ened up with a-- wire brush. Where Wall boardsare .to. be covered after they. are in place, the joints should be Well filled, either with'the composition herein described or With; other suitable filling material and the wall boards should be sized as-above described. Ifjdesired. stripsof canvas or other suitable material may be fastened over the joints in the wall boards. In some cases the wall boards are covered with the composition and the desired efiect is worked up before they a are put in placeto form the wall of the room. The joints of the wall boards may then be covered with wooden strips which are then painted ordecorated, as desired, to give the wall of the room a 'panel effect. I Frequently the wall of a room is covered with a fabric, such as an open mesh canvas which is fastened to the wall and then the composition is applied to the canvas. If this be done the composition and canvas may be easily stripped from the walls without injury to the surface Whenever it is desired to phange the decoration of the room.

The composition may be applied to the wall with any suitable instrument such as a brush,

sponge ortrowel and may be worked up to give the desired efiect by a brush, sponge, float, whisk broom or other instrument, according to the wishes of the decorator who finishes thewalls. b After the coating is on the wall a glaze may e instance, by a brush or an air brush. wise, paint may be applied to the composition after it is on the wall the desired color. By applying the glaze or paint. or both, and then wiping or strippling the wall, very interesting irregular effects may be obtained. Many other methods of using the composition and working it up will suggest themselves to the experienced builder or decorator. homogeneous. Colors I It is evident from the above description that there are many methods of making and using the composition and it is desired that the invention be construed as broadly as the claims taken in conjunction with the prior art may allow.

I claim:

1. A dry mixture adapted to be mixedwith water for a coating composition, and then to be applied to a support, including substantially 100 pounds of Keens cement, substantially 5 pounds of alum, gum arabic, and cold Water paste.

2. A dry mixture adapted to be mixed with water for a-coating composition, and then to be applied to a tially 100 pounds of Keens substantially 5 pounds cold water paste. 7 v

' 3. A dry. mixture adapted to be mixed with cement, alum, of gum arabic, and

water for a coating composition, and then to applied in any suitable manner, as for Like wall, in order to give the support, including substan- T In testimony thatI claim th efbregoing, I

b; afiplied to a pp rt, including substantially 100 pounds Of Kens cement; alum, gum arabic, and substantially 5 pounds of cold Water'paste.

havehereuntd set my hand this 29th day of October, 1928. 1

MATHIASYI REMMES. 

